Wait what? Please describe a situation where someone is publicly insulting you (not threatening you) and there is no option available except violence.
I just did or at least thought I did. Walking down a street, nobody else around, a stranger confronts you with hateful speech. Maybe they aren't even locals, just some rando on vacation. You have no evidence of this occurring beyond that you know it happened. Alternatively, you are confronted by a group of people, same deal, total strangers, either there is nobody else around or the people who are around don't give a shit or don't want to get involved.
You don't know their names, you don't know where they work, you can do no damage to their employment or peers, and emotionally given they are hurling around hateful speech and already see you as less than human there's nothing effective you can do there.
The dichotomy you have set up leaves the victim with the option of just walking away leaving the individual likely to engage in that behavior again because they have suffered no consequences.