It doesn't help that they try and introduce everything all at once. Like, here's shelter building, here's a freighter, here's the nexus, here's all the story stuff and base missions and atlas path.
Haven't feature introductions been spread out over a number of updates?
Exactly what
Unicorn said. Started from zero again in December, knowing the basics survive -> explore -> fix ship -> go to space -> craft things and jump to another system intro from my early days. But as soon as I got this done, a wild variety of pop-ups kept showing and directing me towards a number of things that I initially thought were connected, since I assumed the game was presenting me only with quests that I was able to tackle at that time, but now, as I understand it, seems like the systems just unlock all at once, and good luck to you trying to understand them all.
Back to my playthrough: lost track of what I was doing when the barrage fell, tried to make sense of what was my priority to build a station because I had found a nice planet... but then, "hey, have you noticed this huge space freighter? It's yours because you saved from space pirates!", oh, that's nice, I think and next thing is "Now, go after a tangent for 10 hours so you can fully recruit crew and send your fleet to missions!"; "Oh do you wanna recruit me? Hey, sorry, you don't have a science lab or something at your freighter/base, so no deal"; so you go after building those things, which is quite a grind for a newcommer; "Ah, I see you have some blueprints to improve your ship and freighter, which would help you to no end, but nope, you have to grind for this, so here it's a massive time consuming materials scavenge hunt for you (this, as I understand, isn't that bad when you have ways to mine things, but as a newcommer? Though)"; Oh, you wanna check this system out? Full of exotic planets? Oh sorry, you should really have had upgraded your gear like 45 hours ago. "Hey, I see you are close to a body of water, what do you think about building a under water base? And a sub? Go fetch those things!"; "Hum, so you have found some piece of lore? How about 30 hours searching for ruins/monolits?"; "Have you ever got around to get missions on the space station?"; "I see you wanna open that crate and door, but you forgot to unlock your Atlas Pass buddy, sorry"...
Sorry for the wall of text, but it serves a purpose: it is how NMS feel now to a newbie and all those things happen basically at the same time.
It's like this all the time. It's impossible. Feels really overwhelming, the UI isn't that clear to keep track of things and you don't get a particular sense of structure, of what is more important, or crucially: what should I do first so that I can progress whenever I choose to follow anyone of those tangents? Because worse than being sufocated by stuff to do you can't understand, is trying to do them only to find you really shouldn't because you are still under equipped to tackle those tasks.
The "let's now start building the under water base" thing was my breaking point.