I'm going to try (and fail) to be brief:
The OT kicks off by taking Luke on a bog standard hero's journey. As a young hothead who wants to escape farm life and his backwater planet, he's carried far by natural ability and the right mentor, Obi-Wan. ANH concludes with Luke triumphant: he overcomes his doubts, for the moment, and wins a major victory for the Rebellion.
In ESB, Luke has developed basic Force ability. He acquires a new mentor in Yoda, and in the Force nexus of the Dagobah cave he experiences a memorable reminder of his tendency for self-sabotage and how that might lead him to walk Vader's path. But his old stubborn impulsiveness flares up and he rushes off to save his friends with insufficient training. Luke is broken by Vader. His newfound strength in the Force is useless against a more experienced opponent, and he's devastated by Obi-Wan's apparent betrayal in failing to reveal that Vader is Luke's father. He is left physically ravaged and mentally defeated. The whole Cloud City episode leaves Luke, Han, and Leia at their lowest point in the trilogy.
In RotJ, Luke is more confident in his Force ability, and he has accepted the disturbing truth of his lineage. He returns to Yoda to complete his training, just in time for Yoda to die. Untrained but somewhat more experienced, Luke makes the same mistake he did in ESB by overestimating his abilities and throwing himself at a superior opponent. The Emperor dominates him completely, cutting through Luke's rhetoric, eroding Luke's confidence in his allies, baiting Luke to attack, and ultimately pitting father against son in a duel where either of their losses is Palpatine's gain. Yet again, Luke's undisciplined nature costs him dearly. He unwittingly betrays Leia to Vader, then flies into a rage when Vader suggests she might be a softer target than Luke. Luke's heroic moment of self-sacrifice, where he refuses to execute and supplant his father, is Luke making the very best of his own failure. Luke is immediately cut down by the Emperor and would have died if Vader's own inner conflict hadn't fallen in his son's favor.
Luke, the last living Jedi, is a man defined by his flaws. It's only through the support of his friends, and his ability to get through to an already conflicted Vader, that he's able to salvage his failures and secure a future for his cause. The more noble aspects of his character shine throughout the trilogy, and make him a likeable and sympathetic hero. But he is not an infallible and wise leader. He does not demonstrate superb insight or judgment. He is not a brilliant duelist, or a near-omnipotent Force wizard. He is just a man with some natural talent, and a lot of support, who persevered.
That's where RotJ leaves Luke.
TLJ picks up a few decades on. We find Luke in self-imposed exile, resigned and depressed after suffering what he views as his greatest and most personal failure of all. Luke had resisted the dark tendencies of his bloodline enough to prevail, but only just, in the battle for his father's soul. But now, he has contributed to the fall of his nephew. Kylo's descent into darkness wasn't Luke's doing, but the impulsive nature that Luke could never escape surfaced again at the worst possible time. Luke's momentary temptation to strike down Kylo in his sleep tipped Kylo over the edge. Luke, on his lonely island, sees himself as a failure and an imposter. How could he possibly measure up to Luke Skywalker, the towering Jedi of legend, when he has let his friends and family down, and the next generation of Jedi was lost under his watch?
TLJ brings this theme of failure into focus, lending Luke's journey a complexity and pathos that the OT happily glossed over in its highly entertaining but fairly surface-level storytelling. The crucial character development is this: Luke, cursed by failure all his life in spite of his great victories, finally develops the wisdom to accept that failure is not to be feared or resented. It is inevitable. Failure is the key ingredient for growth, and it forms necessary stepping stones toward true success: discovering a higher purpose for the pitfalls and disappointments of life, and passing on a worthy legacy.
By the end of TLJ, Luke has stopped running. He reconnects with the Force, reunites with his sister, and demonstrates the greatest feat of Force mastery in all eight films--hinting at his true potential as the Chosen One--with a Force hologram that transcends the limits of space-time. Now fully stepping into the role of Luke Skywalker the legend, he very publicly reinforces his image as an invincible Jedi master, buying time for the Resistance to escape and planting seeds of hope throughout the galaxy. This act culminates in Luke becoming one with the Force, which only true masters can achieve.
Luke dies having won in every way that matters:
- He secured the Resistance's escape.
- He humiliated Kylo in front of his army and damaged their morale by appearing to be supernaturally resistant to weapons.
- He inspired his protege, Rey, to revive the Jedi Order not just by the letter, but in spirit.
- He primed galactic civilization for her message, and made his own legend a powerful rallying point for the resistance of tyranny.
- He became a true Jedi master after a lifetime of struggle.
- He made peace with himself.
Rewatch TLJ and see if this interpretation holds up. It's all right there in the text. If anything, Yoda's scene gives up the game, in case the subtext wasn't clear enough. Perhaps he should have said more!
1) You can try to rationalize the themes as much as you want, the facts are that Luke ran away like a coward, left his friends and family to a miserable fate, and doomed the entire galaxy because of a mistake he made. You said Luke persevered in the OT, where was that spirit ? So he was crushed moreso than in the OT, okay, but do you really think he would just leave for years, and let everybody die, and then randomly have an epiphany 5 hours after meeting some random girl ?
And obviously you love it, so you are thinking "yes", but do you really think this is the kind of story Luke Skywalker deserved ? You could have kept the exact same kind of beats, but making it good, by giving more context, and giving more reasons as to how it came to be. What we got was far too convenient and it came off as cheap for many of us.
You say the OT was shallow and surface level, but that's not true, Luke's journey wasn't flat at all. All those characters flaws, they're never "glossed over", that's literally the entire point of the movies, Empire is all about Luke failing, and ROTJ also has Luke having to deal with his own shortcomings.
But what made him the hero, is that he never gave up on people, and fought for his friends and family.
If you want Luke to run away, this is fine, you can also absolutely go the original intended way where the place was strong in the Force and it made him more powerful but he got crazier, that's the easy lazy way to handle it, but you could have made his departure more acceptable by either showing him trying harder, or actually feeling like hope was coming in some way, and that it wasn't his time anymore.
You can't have him be there because "I came here to die".
2) Again, it's all about execution. All your talk of character development and his accomplishment is nice and all, but if that hadn't happened so quickly and in such manner, maybe we would have been more content with what we got ?
As it is we just saw our favorite hero of all time turn into a miserable coward, get back to his senses and... literally die 3 minutes later.
So ok he inspired the resistance to keep fighting (and btw not sure taunting Kylo and making him more mad was the way to go but that's another story), but like there's 12 people left in the resistance ... Everybody died and literally half the galaxy was obliterated because he didn't do anything.
Like Mark said "Luke wouldn't just give up..." if you want to write this, you have to convince us. If everything comes from this, it has to be convincing.
And for many fans, this was not. It simply wasn't.
I understand where you're coming from, and I wish I could accept this as a satisfactory conclusion, but I can't, because the movie didn't manage to sell me on this story. Too little time spent on the actual details that would have made it work, to just focus on "themes".
But the themes couldn't reach me because the premise was flawed and I couldn't buy into it.
So all I'm left with, is bitterness that my favorite hero turned into this, to get his pseudo redemption 3 minutes before the end, then dies.
If he hadn't died (save that for IX or whatever) I think many people could at least tolerate this thing. But here it just doesn't work.
Cause that's my problem.
Everyone that loves the movie, if Luke hadn't died in the last 30 seconds, you would still love this movie. But people like me would at least be interested to see where it all goes in the next film. As opposed to being in disbelief that this happened the way it did and having nothing to look forward to anymore.
- Kylo and Rey's fascinating connection ? "snoke did it lulz"
- Rey's incredible and unprecedented talent ? "she's a nobody that barely ever trained just deal with it lulz"
- Luke Skywalker's comeback ? "aaand it's gone lulz"
- Leia sadly can't do much because of the sad circumstances
- Finn and Poe have literally no story. They do not have a single plot line. They have nothing. They are cool characters in TFA but I struggle to think of anything I can look forward to besides them just interacting with each other. Which is fine but going into a final episode that's an issue.
- Snoke hahaha
- Kylo and Rey's gray area that was literally the best part in the movie, amazing build up, that was thrown out in 3 minutes to regress back to the status quo
- The Final Showdown of Rey vs Kylo ... Except Kylo has been outperformed every single time so far so yeah not exactly a long time coming ...
- The conclusion of the "Skywalker saga" that manages to completely ignore Anakin out of prequel disdain, making the entire thing inconsistent
It's rough man. And I fully understand that you're still super excited but this movie could have met us halfway, and you would still be super excited.
Instead people like me are done with it. "If you're done why don't you just move on" because that was part of our life for SO LONG, it's so hard to not be frustrated, barely a year later.