Prof Mark Walport, a member of the Scientific Advisory Group for Emergencies (Sage), likened the virus to influenza, as he said repeat inoculations on a global scale would almost certainly be required to control it.
He told BBC Radio 4's Today programme coronavirus was not "going to be a disease like smallpox which could be eradicated by vaccination".
The scientist said it was possible the virus could get "out of control" again, with the percentage of positive tests rising around the UK as the R number hovers between 0.9 and 1.1, but he said more targeted, localised measures could be used instead of a full lockdown.
Walport said he was worried about the spread of the virus. "You've only got to see what's happening in France, Spain, [and] in [South] Korea, which got it under control very quickly and is now seeing a rise in cases. And so this infection is with us."
He said less than one in five people around the UK had had the virus, and 80% of people remained susceptible to Covid-19.
However, he warned draconian measures could be imposed if the virus got out of control and added it was an "enormous tragedy" that many people in care homes caught the virus and died after people were discharged from hospitals back to care while infected with coronavirus.
Covid-19 will be around for ever, says former UK chief scientific adviser
Prof Mark Walport says regular vaccinations are likely to be required to control coronavirus
www.theguardian.com