In the US, there are two very different ways a child who has been adopted internationally can be placed with a new family. The
first is known as "rehoming," or "unregulated custody transfers," Chuck Johnson, the president and CEO of the National Council for Adoption, told BuzzFeed News. And while it's incredibly frowned upon by adoption advocates, it's not illegal in many places in the US, including, it seems, Ohio.
"There are some states that prohibit it but even in some of these states, the statute is not always clear and the penalties vary – and many states have no prohibition," Johnson said. "We'd like to see creation of a national standard prohibiting it."
In these cases, Johnson said,
an adoptive family can "bypass all the legal requirements, the courts, the child welfare system, and place them with another family without regard for their safety." Johnson said he and other advocates are currently working to outlaw this form of child swapping, the existence of which has been featured in several news reports, including an in-depth
Reuters investigation in 2013.
"Did they go through an agency? Was there another home study done on the other family? That part is highly unusual."
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